Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis
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Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare joint disorder that affects the synovial lining of the joint. It is usually found in the knee joint but can also affect other joints such as the hip, elbow, shoulder, and ankle. PVNS is a progressive condition that can cause degenerative joint damage and pain. The condition is caused by an overgrowth of the synovial cells that line the joint capsule.
Symptoms of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis
The most common symptom of PVNS is joint pain. This pain can range from mild to severe. It can be worse with movement and can be present for long periods of time. Other symptoms of PVNS include swelling, stiffness, and joint instability. The joint may also be warm to the touch and may have reddish or purplish discolouration.
In addition to these physical symptoms, patients may also experience psychological symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem. PVNS can also cause loss of mobility and range of motion, which can further limit a patient’s ability to participate in physical activities.
Causes of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis
The exact cause of PVNS is not known. However, it is believed to be related to an abnormal immune response, trauma, or infection. It is also thought that genetics may play a role in the development of PVNS.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis
The diagnosis of PVNS is made through a physical examination, imaging tests such as X-rays and MRI scans, and a biopsy of the affected area. Treatment of PVNS usually involves medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and pain. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the affected tissue or to reconstruct the joint.
What is Synovectomy?
Synovectomy is a surgical procedure used to remove the inflamed synovial lining of the joint. It is used to treat joint disorders such as PVNS, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. During the procedure, the surgeon makes a small incision in the joint and removes the inflamed tissue. The removed tissue is then examined for abnormal cells.
How is Synovectomy Used to Treat Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis?
Synovectomy is often used to treat PVNS. It can help to reduce pain and improve joint mobility. During the procedure, the surgeon removes the inflamed tissue and any abnormal cells. The joint is then reconstructed and the patient is monitored for any signs of recurrence.
Risks and Complications of Synovectomy
Synovectomy is a safe and effective treatment for PVNS, however, there are some risks and complications associated with the procedure. These include infection, bleeding, nerve damage, and joint stiffness. In some cases, the procedure may not be successful in treating the condition and the patient may need additional treatment.
What is PVNS Knee?
PVNS knee is a type of PVNS that affects the knee joint. It is characterized by pain, swelling, and stiffness in the knee joint. The condition can cause the joint to become weak and unstable. It can also cause the joint to become misaligned and cause loss of range of motion.
Synovectomy Knee Procedure
The synovectomy knee procedure is similar to the procedure used to treat other types of PVNS. During the procedure, the surgeon makes a small incision in the knee joint and removes the inflamed tissue. The joint is then reconstructed and the patient is monitored for any signs of recurrence.
Recovery After Synovectomy Knee
Recovery after a synovectomy knee takes time and patience. Patients are usually advised to take it easy and avoid strenuous activities for several weeks after the procedure. During this time, they should also rest and elevate their leg to reduce swelling and discomfort. Physical therapy may also be prescribed to help the patient regain strength and mobility.
Conclusion
Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare joint disorder that affects the synovial lining of the joint. Symptoms of PVNS include joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. The exact cause of PVNS is not known but it is thought to be related to an abnormal immune response, trauma, or infection. Treatment of PVNS usually involves medications and in some cases, surgery such as synovectomy. Synovectomy is a safe and effective treatment for PVNS, however, there are some risks and complications associated with the procedure. Recovery after a synovectomy knee takes time and patience. If you think you may have PVNS, it is important to see your doctor for an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment.
Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) | Great Ormond Street Hospital (gosh.nhs.uk)